Buy Methotrexate Online | Prescription Medication
Methotrexate: Comprehensive Information
Methotrexate is a vital medication primarily used in chemotherapy and as an immunosuppressant. It belongs to the antimetabolite class, specifically antifolates. Its primary active ingredient is Methotrexate, available in various forms including oral tablets, injectable solutions, and intravenous preparations. It is manufactured by several pharmaceutical companies, with common brand names including Rheumatrex, Trexall, and Nordimet.
Indications
- Cancer Treatment: Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, breast cancer, head and neck cancers, osteosarcoma, and lung cancer.
- Autoimmune Diseases: Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, and lupus erythematosus.
- Other Uses: Ectopic pregnancy.
Mechanism of Action
Methotrexate functions by inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), an enzyme crucial for the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. By blocking DHFR, Methotrexate effectively disrupts DNA synthesis, repair, and cellular replication. In cancer treatment, this action targets rapidly dividing cancer cells. In autoimmune diseases, it suppresses the overactive immune system by reducing the prolifreation of lymphocytes and other immune cells, thereby decreasing inflammation.
Safety Profile
Benefits: Methotrexate can significantly reduce inflammation and disease activity in autoimmune conditions, leading to improved quality of life. In cancer therapy, it is a cornerstone for treating various malignancies. Side Effects: Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis (mouth sores), fatigue, and hair loss. More serious side effects can involve liver toxicity, kidney damage, bone marrow suppression (leading to anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia), lung problems (interstitial pneumonitis), and increased susceptibility to infections. Contraindications: It is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to Methotrexate, severe renal or hepatic impairment, and significant immunodeficiency. It should not be used during pregnancy due to teratogenic effects. Warnings: Regular monitoring of blood counts, liver function tests, and kidney function is essential. Patients should avoid alcohol due to increased risk of liver toxicity. Adequate folic acid supplementation is often recommended to mitigate certain side effects, but should be taken as advised by a healthcare professional.
Dosage Table
| Disease | Dosage Form | Typical Dosage | Treatment Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | Oral Tablets | 7.5 mg to 20 mg once weekly | Continuous, as needed |
| Psoriasis | Oral Tablets | 10 mg to 25 mg once weekly | Continuous, as needed |
| Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) | Intravenous/Oral | Varies greatly based on protocol (e.g., 1.0 - 2.5 g/m² for high-dose) | Induction, consolidation, and maintenance phases |
| Crohn's Disease | Oral Tablets/Injectable | 15 mg to 25 mg once weekly | Continuous, as needed |
Note: Dosages are highly individualized and depend on patient factors, disease severity, and concurrent therapies. Always consult a healthcare professional for precise dosing.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is the most common side effect of Methotrexate?
The most frequently reported side effects are gastrointestinal issues like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, along with stomatitis (painful sores in the mouth) and fatigue. These are often dose-dependent and can be managed.
- Can I drink alcohol while taking Methotrexate?
It is strongly advised to avoid alcohol consumption while taking Methotrexate. Alcohol can significantly increase the risk of liver damage, which is already a potential side effect of the medication.
- How long does it take for Methotrexate to start working for autoimmune conditions?
For conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, it typically takes several weeks to months (usually 4-8 weeks) to see the full therapeutic effect. Patience and consistent adherence to the prescribed schedule are important.
- Is Methotrexate a chemotherapy drug or an immunosuppressant?
Methotrexate serves both purposes. It is used in higher doses for cancer treatment (chemotherapy) by targeting rapidly dividing cells. In lower doses, it acts as an immunosuppressant to manage autoimmune diseases by dampening the immune system's response.
